If you don't know of it, this essay by Paul Graham is solid 👌🔥🤌
Maker/Manager is treated like a binary, but I see it as a spectrum
if you're a solo founder you can code all day, but the moment you have a team you start managing [1]
as a CTO i’m always in somewhat of a manager schedule so the question isn’t "should i have a maker or manager schedule?" it’s "how do i balance both?”
Your brain has limited number of things you can think about at once. This is like RAM in a PC [2]
Manager schedule == rapidly scheduling different things in/out of ram, you may have like 10 things going on, you’re loading new ones in and out, one particular thing isn’t on your mind for long
Maker schedule is like loading a big program into your brain. It takes a long time & so you don’t want to load it in/out rapidly because its slow to get back all the context
If you have a big program in your brain that needs all that space & you load a bunch of other smaller tasks into your brain then they seem to take up space so you’re not processing the big thing as fast
How to get more maker time as a manager
Define your longest maker-time block without interrupts: if you don't schedule uninterruptible time, you probably won't get any. You can probably do a couple hours daily if you put your mind into it.
delegate interruptible events
not all interruptions have the same impact
If an engineer needs a bit of advice about engineering, giving them context doesn’t completely destroy my flow.
I think this is because I already have lots of engineering context so it's kinda like shared RAM
Going from deep engineering to a sales call is a huge context shift because virtually none of the context in my ram generalizes to a sales call
I think people think about it too much in terms of "meetings vs no meetings" rather than “Focusing on a set of things that are as related as possible”
In this lens, it isn't about task-switching, rather it’s about preventing tasks that make me have to deload a bunch of my brain to think about some new thing.
choose your interrupts carefully
Instead of worrying about not having a 4 hour focus block just put yourself in an engineering mode where you say: Hey, I'll have a 4 hour work block, but I allow engineering-related interruptions. During this 4 hours I won't do anything that's heavy on the bizops side.
Log your context switches and figure out which are expensive
It's different for everyone.
I've noticed a pattern where certain context switches destroy my day and stress me out
Example of things I rarely can rarely do in the same day
interviewing + fixing a nontrivial bug
sales calls + fixing a nontrivial bug
If I try to do both in a day I struggle to focus coding which results in me guilting myself so now I'm unproductive and stressed about being unproductive. How wasteful. [3]
If I want to code something that will take 3 days then I can't expect to do sales calls or hiring interviews at this time
Examples of things that seem different but I can focus well on both in the same day
Studying Spanish + Studying C++
This only works if I've been dating the person a long time.
If it's a first date my brain treats it like a sales call and my coding tanks
Doing a sales call + Hiring interview
Exercising + Anything
for example on the day I wrote this, I somehow wrote 3 different essays on my mind + did 2 interviews, yet I couldn't code for >30 minutes
I suppose language-learning is like a part of my brain, and I can switch between spanish / C++ without losing focus on the concept of language learning.
I can code + go workout + come back and code again without losing context
Exercise is seems like a catch-all special card I can use on any day
your emotional health impacts RAM
if you’re feeling bad you may have less mental capacity left to do your work
e.g., that feeling of fogginess, exhaustion, you’re not engaged
if this is the problem then you probably won't fix it by being "more disciplined" or taking 3 omega 3 supplements for breakfast instead of 2.
You need to figure out the what's on your mind that’s blocking you.
How to do this is a whole other topic I'll probably write about later because it haunts me
There seems to be an upper limit on a focus-block
At some point if I'm focusing too long I get foggy and context switching helps more than not
It seems to be a function of my interest in a topic
This feels like a computer overheating and you have to empty memory & reboot it once in a while to let it cool off
[1] see
[3] This is an example of